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A jewel bearing is a plain bearing in which a metal spindle turns in a jewel-lined pivot hole. The hole is typically shaped like a torus and is slightly larger than the shaft diameter. The jewels are typically made from the mineral corundum , usually either synthetic sapphire or synthetic ruby .
In the three axis tourbillon movement, the 3rd (external) cage has a unique form which provides the possibility of using jewel bearings everywhere, instead of ball-bearings. This is a unique solution at this size and level of complication. [11] There are a few wrist and pocket watches that include the Triple Axis or Tri-Axial Tourbillon ...
To wind a watch effectively, one of the chief requirements of a rotor is heft. Until this point, the best bearing used in any watch was a jewel bearing, which perfectly suits the small gears of a watch. A rotor, on the other hand, requires a different solution. In 1948, Eterna introduced the solution that is still in use today: ball bearings ...
The history of watches began in 16th-century Europe, where watches evolved from portable spring-driven clocks, which first appeared in the 15th century. The watch was developed by inventors and engineers from the 16th century to the mid-20th century as a mechanical device, powered by winding a mainspring which turned gears and then moved the ...
Pierced jewel and capstone, used as a low-friction bearing in a mechanical watch. Lubrication is provided by a small drop of oil, kept in place by capillary action. In the 1690s, Fatio discovered a method for piercing a small and well-rounded hole in a ruby, using a diamond drill.
English: Drawing of a jewel bearing and capstone in a mechanical watch. The bearing is sectioned through the axis. The jewels (red) are made of synthetic ruby. The lower jewel is called the 'hole jewel', the upper one is the 'capstone' or 'end jewel'. This type of bearing is used in watches where friction is critical, such as in the balance ...
Hard stones such as diamond, ruby, and sapphire were often used as jewel bearings to decrease friction and wear of the pivots and escapement. Chronometer makers also took advantage of the physical properties of rare metals such as gold, platinum , and palladium .
In watches and some high quality clocks their arbors have jewel bearings. The going train in a modern clock or watch consists of: First or great wheel attached and ratcheted to the main spring, or cable, barrel. The ratchet allows the main spring or cable barrel to be wound without turning the wheel.