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One example is tree traversal as in depth-first search; though both recursive and iterative methods are used, [17] they contrast with list traversal and linear search in a list, which is a singly recursive and thus naturally iterative method. Other examples include divide-and-conquer algorithms such as Quicksort, and functions such as the ...
A recursive step — a set of rules that reduces all successive cases toward the base case. For example, the following is a recursive definition of a person's ancestor. One's ancestor is either: One's parent (base case), or; One's parent's ancestor (recursive step). The Fibonacci sequence is another classic example of recursion: Fib(0) = 0 as ...
Method chaining, also known as named parameter idiom, is a common syntax for invoking multiple method calls in object-oriented programming languages. Each method returns an object, allowing the calls to be chained together in a single statement without requiring variables to store the intermediate results.
Mutual recursion is very common in functional programming, and is often used for programs written in LISP, Scheme, ML, and similar programming languages. For example, Abelson and Sussman describe how a meta-circular evaluator can be used to implement LISP with an eval-apply cycle. [7] In languages such as Prolog, mutual recursion is almost ...
Another example is a similar singly linked type in Java: class List < E > { E value ; List < E > next ; } This indicates that non-empty list of type E contains a data member of type E, and a reference to another List object for the rest of the list (or a null reference to indicate that this is the end of the list).
For example, in the Java virtual machine (JVM), tail-recursive calls can be eliminated (as this reuses the existing call stack), but general tail calls cannot be (as this changes the call stack). [ 13 ] [ 14 ] As a result, functional languages such as Scala that target the JVM can efficiently implement direct tail recursion, but not mutual tail ...
The colon comes from a general Scala syntax mechanism whereby the apparent infix operator is invoked as a method on the left operand with the right operand passed as an argument, or vice versa if the operator's last character is a colon, here applied symmetrically. Scala also features the tree-like folds using the method list.fold(z)(op). [11]
In computer science, a recursive descent parser is a kind of top-down parser built from a set of mutually recursive procedures (or a non-recursive equivalent) where each such procedure implements one of the nonterminals of the grammar. Thus the structure of the resulting program closely mirrors that of the grammar it recognizes. [1] [2]