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Entomophily or insect pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen of plants, especially but not only of flowering plants, is distributed by insects. Flowers pollinated by insects typically advertise themselves with bright colours, sometimes with conspicuous patterns (honey guides) leading to rewards of pollen and nectar ; they may also ...
Plants fall into pollination syndromes that reflect the type of pollinator being attracted. These are characteristics such as: overall flower size, the depth and width of the corolla, the color (including patterns called nectar guides that are visible only in ultraviolet light), the scent, amount of nectar, composition of nectar, etc. [2] For example, birds visit red flowers with long, narrow ...
Entomophily, pollination by insects, often occurs on plants that have developed colored petals and a strong scent to attract insects such as bees, wasps, and occasionally ants (Hymenoptera), beetles , moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera), and flies . The existence of insect pollination dates back to the dinosaur era. [13]
Many members of the genus Arum trap pollinators and the specific mechanisms vary with the insects involved. [6] [7] Cypripedium or lady slipper, trapping a bee so it goes through a narrow passage where it picks up the pollinia. Species of the genus Cypripedium (lady slippers) of orchids trap insects temporarily to ensure pollination.
Pollinators fluctuate in abundance and activity independently of their plants, [22] [27] and any one species may fail to pollinate a plant in a particular year. Thus a plant may be at an advantage if it attracts several species or types of pollinators, ensuring pollen transfer every year. [28]
Birds play an essential role in the ecosystem as pollinators drink nectar from flower to flower and move pollen, spreading seeds, which helps new plants germinate and grow and reduce unwanted ...
The nectar attracts predatory insects which will eat both the nectar and any plant-eating insects around, thus functioning as "bodyguards". [24] Foraging predatory insects show a preference for plants with extrafloral nectaries, particularly some species of ants and wasps, which have been observed to defend the plants bearing them.
Pollination by flies, known as myophily, is the second most prevalent method of pollination among orchids, involving pollinators from twenty different dipteran families. [13] These flowers typically emit scents reminiscent of decaying organic materials, excrement, or carrion, which attract flies seeking food or suitable sites for egg deposition ...
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