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PUB plans to further reduce flood prone areas to 40 hectares by 2013. In the 1960s and 1970s widespread flooding was common in Singapore, especially in the city centre, which is built on relatively low-lying land. [65] Nevertheless, flash floods caused by unusually heavy rains and blocked drains caused damage in 2010 and 2011. [66]
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is defined by United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) as those actions which aim to "prevent new and reducing existing disaster risk and managing residual risk, all of which contribute to strengthening resilience and therefore to the achievement of sustainable development".
Flood mitigation is a related but separate concept describing a broader set of strategies taken to reduce flood risk and potential impact while improving resilience against flood events. As climate change has led to increased flood risk an intensity, flood management is an important part of climate change adaptation and climate resilience .
Drivers, processes, and impacts of sinking cities [1]. Sinking cities are urban environments that are in danger of disappearing due to their rapidly changing landscapes.The largest contributors to these cities becoming unlivable are the combined effects of climate change (manifested through sea level rise, intensifying storms, and storm surge), land subsidence, and accelerated urbanization. [2]
The difference, however, was flood mitigation. After 2004's flood, the city and county agencies took aggressive action over successive years in order to stem any further events in the future.
The scope of the flooding was extensive, but the water largely went where it was supposed to go because of those flood mitigation efforts. "Our flood mitigation on North Main Street, flood walls ...
The heaviest rain Singapore recorded was 512.4mm on 2 December 1978, followed by 469mm in December 1969. Severe floods affected areas such as Thomson, Mandai and Olive Road, severely affecting the business in Goodwood Florist as it is a low-lying area. By 11pm, floodwaters have subsided in all flooded areas of Singapore except Olive Road. [1]
A major incident was declared after heavy rainfall resulted in flooding, bringing widespread disruption across the south. In Pictures: Residents braced for evacuation as heavy rainfall causes flooding