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UV treatment compares favourably with other water disinfection systems in terms of cost, labour and the need for technically trained personnel for operation. Water chlorination treats larger organisms and offers residual disinfection, but these systems are expensive because they need special operator training and a steady supply of a ...
The UV facility treats water delivered by two of the city's aqueduct systems, the Catskill Aqueduct and the Delaware Aqueduct, via the Kensico Reservoir. [3] (The city's third supply system, the New Croton Aqueduct, has a separate treatment plant. [4]) The plant has 56 energy-efficient UV reactors, and cost the city $1.6 billion.
Low power consumption of semiconductors introduce UV disinfection systems that utilized small solar cells in remote or Third World applications. [ 2 ] By 2019, LEDs made up 41.4% of UV light sales, up from 19.2% in 2014 [ 3 ] The UV-C LED global market is expected to rise from $223m in 2017 to US$991m in 2023.
Over the next few years, chlorine disinfection using chloride of lime were rapidly installed in drinking water systems around the world. [48] The technique of purification of drinking water by use of compressed liquefied chlorine gas was developed by a British officer in the Indian Medical Service, Vincent B. Nesfield, in 1903. According to his ...
They are also called point-of-use water treatment systems and field water disinfection techniques. Techniques include heat (including boiling), filtration, activated charcoal adsorption, chemical disinfection (e.g. chlorination , iodine, ozonation , etc.), ultraviolet purification (including sodis ), distillation (including solar distillation ...
The Croton system supplies about ten percent of the New York City water system [9] and building a filtration system to address the turbidity problems had been proposed since the 1990s. [ 6 ] The Croton filtration plant was built after a lawsuit was filed in 1997 against the City of New York by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the ...
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