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General side effects of bicalutamide that may occur in either sex include diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, dry skin, itching, and rash. In men with prostate cancer, bicalutamide monotherapy has been found to increase the likelihood of death due to causes other than prostate cancer.
Bicalutamide is used primarily in the treatment of early and advanced prostate cancer. [1] It is approved at a dosage of 50 mg/day as a combination therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH analogue) or orchiectomy (that is, surgical or medical castration) in the treatment of stage D2 metastatic prostate cancer (mPC), [2] [3] and as a monotherapy at a dosage of 150 mg/day ...
Exogenous testosterone may also cause suppression of spermatogenesis, leading to, in some cases, infertility. [30] It is recommended that physicians screen for prostate cancer with a digital rectal exam and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level before starting therapy, and monitor PSA and hematocrit levels closely during therapy. [31]
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), also called androgen ablation therapy or androgen suppression therapy, is an antihormone therapy whose main use is in treating prostate cancer. Prostate cancer cells usually require androgen hormones, such as testosterone, to grow.
Common side effects include hot flashes, unstable mood, trouble sleeping, headaches, and pain at the site of injection. [10] Other side effects may include high blood sugar, allergic reactions, and problems with the pituitary gland. [10] Use during pregnancy may harm foetal development. [10]
A 2015 Cochrane review found that NSAA monotherapy for prostate cancer had a greater risk of treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects than monotherapy with a GnRH agonist or surgical castration (RR = 1.82). [122] This included a greatly increased risk of breast pain (RR = 22.97) and gynecomastia (RR = 8.43). [122]
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), also known as menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), is for women with menopausal symptoms. It is based on the idea that the treatment may prevent discomfort caused by diminished circulating estrogen and progesterone hormones, or in the case of the surgically or prematurely menopausal, that it may prolong life and may reduce incidence of dementia. [1]
Estrogen dosages for prostate cancer Route/form Estrogen Dosage Oral: Estradiol: 1–2 mg 3x/day Conjugated estrogens: 1.25–2.5 mg 3x/day Ethinylestradiol: 0.15–3 mg/day Ethinylestradiol sulfonate: 1–2 mg 1x/week Diethylstilbestrol: 1–3 mg/day Dienestrol: 5 mg/day Hexestrol: 5 mg/day Fosfestrol: 100–480 mg 1–3x/day Chlorotrianisene ...