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Train carrying mined coal through Ashtabula. Ohio has an estimated 11 billion short tons of recoverable coal resources. Ohio is ranked #7 in the country in overall coal reserves, with 23 billion short tons, 11 billion of which is recoverable. [49] In 2008, the state mined 26 million short tons of coal, ranking #11 in the country in production. [50]
Coal deposits were first recognized in the 1740s by early settlers and were mapped as early as 1752. Decreased demand due to increased natural gas production has reduced coal mining in the 2010s, although one underground mine and three surface mines received expansion permits from the state in 2016.
The Allegheny Group, often termed the Allegheny Formation, [2] is a Pennsylvanian-age geological unit in the Appalachian Plateau.It is a major coal-bearing unit in the eastern United States, extending through western and central Pennsylvania, western Maryland and West Virginia, and southeastern Ohio.
Extent of the Pittsburgh coal seam in Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia, excluding the deposit in Maryland. Note that the southwestern portion of the seam is of negligible economic importance. The Pittsburgh coal seam is the thickest and most extensive coal bed in the Appalachian Basin; [ 1 ] hence, it is the most economically important coal ...
Berea Sandstone, also known as Berea Grit, is a sandstone formation in the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. It is named after Berea, Ohio. The sandstone has been used as a building stone and is a source of oil and gas.
The fuel value of coal varies in the same order. Some anthracite deposits contain pure carbon in the form of graphite. For bituminous coal, the elemental composition on a dry, ash-free basis of 84.4% carbon, 5.4% hydrogen, 6.7% oxygen, 1.7% nitrogen, and 1.8% sulfur, on a weight basis. [40]
Mountaintop removal mining (MTR), also known as mountaintop mining (MTM), is a form of surface mining at the summit or summit ridge of a mountain. Coal seams are extracted from a mountain by removing the land, or overburden, above the seams. This process is considered to be safer compared to underground mining because the coal seams are ...
Drift mining is either the mining of an ore deposit by underground methods, or the working of coal seams accessed by adits driven into the surface outcrop of the coal bed. [1] A drift mine is an underground mine in which the entry or access is above water level and generally on the slope of a hill, driven horizontally into the ore seam. [2]