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Soot and other particles from diesel engines worsen the particulate matter pollution in the air and are harmful to health. [8] New particulate filters can capture from 30% to greater than 95% of the harmful soot. [9] With an optimal diesel particulate filter (DPF), soot emissions may be decreased to 0.001 g/km or less. [10]
Early in the 1950s scientists discovered that vehicle emissions were a significant factor that had been causing the air quality to deteriorate. [7] This led to the introduction of vehicle emissions standards in California in 1966, furthermore due to the seriousness of the problem, in 1970 the Clean Air Act was introduced in order to regulate these standards all over the United States. [7]
Volkswagen agrees to plead guilty to the emissions scandal and to pay $4.3 billion in penalties. Six Volkswagen executives are charged. [14] [15] 3 May 2018: Ex-CEO Winterkorn is indicted on fraud and conspiracy charges in the US [16] 18 June 2018: In connection with the case, Audi CEO Rupert Stadler is arrested in Germany. [17] 16 October 2018
That penalty is more than double the combined total of the administration's 11 previous oil and gas Clean Air Act settlements, officials said. Still, it is dwarfed by Marathon's earnings, which ...
A Kansas refinery has agreed to pay more than $23 million for violating the federal Clean Air Act and breaching a 2012 settlement for earlier pollution problems, the U.S. Justice Department and ...
Catalytic converters remove only 20–40% of PM so particulates are cleaned up by a soot trap or diesel particulate filter (DPF). In the U.S., all on-road light, medium, and heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles built after 1 January 2007, are subject to diesel particulate emission limits, and so are equipped with a 2-way catalytic converter and a ...
The governor laid blame on the oil industry, just a month before his reelection, as Golden State voters were steamed over near record-high gas prices that topped $6 a gallon.
Heavy sheens of oil as visible on the surface of the water in Prince William Sound following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Laws governing oil spills in the United States began in 1851 with the Limitation of Liability Act. This statue, in an attempt to protect the shipping industry, stated that vessel owners were liable for incident-related costs ...