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Dwarfism is usually caused by a genetic variant; achondroplasia is caused by a mutation on chromosome 4. If dwarfism is caused by a medical disorder, the person is referred to by the underlying diagnosed disorder. Disorders causing dwarfism are often classified by proportionality.
Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance whose primary feature is dwarfism. [3] It is the most common cause of dwarfism [4] and affects about 1 in 27,500 people. [3] In those with the condition, the arms and legs are short, while the torso is typically of normal length. [3]
Achondroplasia is a type of autosomal dominant genetic disorder that is the most common cause of dwarfism. It is also the most common type of non-lethal osteochondrodysplasia or skeletal dysplasia. The prevalence is approximately 1 in 25,000 births. [6]
Endocrinology, medical genetics Achondroplasia in children is the most common form of dwarfism ; it accounts for about 70% of all cases of dwarfism. [ 1 ] Achondroplasia falls into the category of “disproportionate dwarfism”.
Chondrodystrophy (literally, "cartilage maldevelopment") refers to a skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect the development of cartilage. [1] As a very general term, it is only used in the medical literature when a more precise description of the condition is unavailable.
Dwarfism is the condition of being very short, often caused by a medical condition. In a medical context, short stature is typically defined as an adult height that is more than two standard deviations below a population’s mean for age and sex, which corresponds to the shortest 2.3% of individuals in that population.
Seckel syndrome, or microcephalic primordial dwarfism (also known as bird-headed dwarfism, Harper's syndrome, Virchow–Seckel dwarfism and bird-headed dwarf of Seckel [1]) is an extremely rare congenital nanosomic disorder. Inheritance is autosomal recessive. [2]
Primordial dwarfism (PD) is a form of dwarfism that results in a smaller body size in all stages of life beginning from before birth. [1] More specifically, primordial dwarfism is a diagnostic category including specific types of profoundly proportionate dwarfism, in which individuals are extremely small for their age, even as a fetus .