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In photography, reciprocity refers to the relationship whereby the total light energy – proportional to the total exposure, the product of the light intensity and exposure time, controlled by aperture and shutter speed, respectively – determines the effect of the light on the film. That is, an increase of brightness by a certain factor is ...
The ISO arithmetic speed has a useful property for photographers without the equipment for taking a metered light reading. Correct exposure will usually be achieved for a frontlighted scene in bright sun if the aperture of the lens is set to f/16 and the shutter speed is the reciprocal of the ISO film speed (e.g. 1/100 second for 100 ISO film).
An approximately correct exposure will be obtained on a sunny day using ISO 100 film, an aperture of f /16 and a shutter speed of 1/100 of a second. This is called the sunny 16 rule: at an aperture of f /16 on a sunny day, a suitable shutter speed will be one over the film speed (or closest equivalent).
File:Exposure triangle - aperture, shutter speed and ISO.svg. Add languages. ... add 800 ISO and changed aperture values: 03:29, 31 August 2017: 512 × 461 (159 KB)
Popular exposure chart type, showing exposure values EV (red lines) as combinations of aperture and shutter speed values. The green lines are sample program lines, by which a digital camera automatically selects both the shutter speed and the aperture for given exposure value (brightness of light), when set to Program mode (P). (Canon, n.d.)
An example of the use of f-numbers in photography is the sunny 16 rule: an approximately correct exposure will be obtained on a sunny day by using an aperture of f /16 and the shutter speed closest to the reciprocal of the ISO speed of the film; for example, using ISO 200 film, an aperture of f /16 and a shutter speed of 1 ⁄ 200 second. The f ...
A or Av: Aperture priority or Aperture value enables manual control of the aperture, and shutter speed is calculated by the camera for proper exposure (given an ISO sensitivity). S or Tv: Shutter priority or Time value enables manual control of the shutter speed, and aperture is calculated by the camera for proper exposure (given an ISO ...
On a sunny day at ISO 100 ("100 speed film"), the aperture is set to f /16 and the shutter speed (i.e. exposure time) to 1 / 100 or 1 / 125 [2] seconds (on some cameras 1 / 125 second is the closest available setting to 1 / 100 second). On a sunny day at ISO 200 and aperture at f /16, set shutter speed to 1 / ...