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The Pantheon in Rome.Largest dome in the world for more than 1,300 years. Oculus of the Pantheon. This is a list of Roman domes.The Romans were the first builders in the history of architecture to realize the potential of domes for the creation of large and well-defined interior spaces. [1]
The Pantheon (UK: / ˈ p æ n θ i ə n /, US: /-ɒ n /; [1] Latin: Pantheum, [nb 1] from Ancient Greek Πάνθειον (Pantheion) '[temple] of all the gods') is a former Roman temple and, since AD 609, a Catholic church (Italian: Basilica Santa Maria ad Martyres or Basilica of St. Mary and the Martyrs) in Rome, Italy.
Its name, Pantheon, comes from the Greek for "all gods" but is unofficial, and it was not included in the list of temples restored by Hadrian in the Historia Augusta. Circular temples were small and rare, and Roman temples traditionally allowed for only one divinity per room. The Pantheon more resembles structures found in imperial palaces and ...
Facade of the Pantheon, Rome. By far the most famous roofed round Roman building is the Pantheon, Rome.However this sharply differs from other classical tholoi in that it is entered though a very large flat temple front with a projecting portico with three rows of columns, while the rest of the exterior is a blank wall without columns or windows, so the circular form is rather obscured from ...
Cross-section of the Pantheon's rotunda. A rotunda (from Latin rotundus) is any roofed building with a circular ground plan, and sometimes covered by a dome.It may also refer to a round room within a building (a famous example being the one below the dome of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.).
The word "cupola" is another word for "dome", and is usually used for a small dome upon a roof or turret. [9] "Cupola" has also been used to describe the inner side of a dome. [10] [ab] The top of a dome is the "crown". The inner side of a dome is called the "intrados" and the outer side is called the "extrados". [11]
In 1673 the hole itself was enclosed by a lantern, during work financed by Cardinal Bishop Virginio Orsini. [60] The 17th-century lantern was dismantled with the 1935-1938 restorations. The last work on the dome, concerning the arrangement of the roof by means of wire mesh and wooden fixtures, was ordered after the survey of July 20, 1948.
Pantheon (details earlier) Masonry: 2nd century – 150 11.5 38 Red Basilica: Pergamon, Turkey Roman Empire: Brick [32] 150 – c. 306 * 23.85 78.2 Sanctuary of Asclepius Temple of Asclepius: Pergamon, Turkey Roman Empire: Earliest monumental brick dome [33] [34] [35] c. 306 – 563 24.15 79.2 Rotunda of Galerius: Thessaloniki, Greece Roman Empire
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