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Drosophila circadian rhythm is a daily 24-hour cycle of rest and activity in the fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. The biological process was discovered and is best understood in the species Drosophila melanogaster. Many behaviors are under circadian control including eclosion, locomotor activity, feeding, and mating.
The bang box is the first experimental assay developed to measure eclosion in fruit flies. The first model of the bang box was developed at a Princeton University laboratory, mainly accredited to Colin Pittendrigh, to measure the time that adult drosophilids emerged from pupae populations in a controlled light and temperature environment. [2]
The existence of circadian rhythm was independently discovered in fruit flies in 1935 by two German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning. [13] [14] In 1954, an important experiment reported by Colin Pittendrigh demonstrated that eclosion (the process of pupa turning into adult) in Drosophila pseudoobscura was a circadian behaviour. He ...
Period (per) is a gene located on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. Oscillations in levels of both per transcript and its corresponding protein PER have a period of approximately 24 hours and together play a central role in the molecular mechanism of the Drosophila biological clock driving circadian rhythms in eclosion and locomotor activity.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2017 was awarded to Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, Michael W. Young for their works using fruit flies in understanding the "molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm". [128] Male flies sing to the females during courtship using their wings to generate sound, and some of the genetics ...
The Drosophilidae are a diverse, cosmopolitan family of flies, which includes species called fruit flies, although they are more accurately referred to as vinegar or pomace flies. [1] Another distantly related family of flies, Tephritidae , are true fruit flies because they are frugivorous, and include apple maggot flies and many pests.
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Ravi Allada (born 1967) is an Indian-American chronobiologist studying the circadian and homeostatic regulation of sleep primarily in the fruit fly Drosophila. [1] He is currently the Executive Director of the Michigan Neuroscience Institute (MNI), [2] a collective which connects neuroscience investigators across the University of Michigan to probe the mysteries of the brain on a cellular ...