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Positions of power can exist in almost any setting (such as librarianship, where the concept of power is discussed in the broader health literature and the occupational therapy literature from three perspectives), from small scale, unofficial groups or clubs all the way to the obvious leaders of nations or CEOs of companies [5] These more ...
Negative politics involves behaviors aimed at personal gain at the expense of others and the organization. Examples include spreading rumors, talking behind someone's back, and withholding important information. [5] Such actions can negatively impact social groupings, cooperation, information sharing, and other organizational functions. [6]
Power distance is the unequal distribution of power between parties, and the level of acceptance of that inequality; whether it is in the family, workplace, or other organizations. [ 1 ] The concept is used in cultural studies to understand the relationship between individuals with varying power, and the effect this has on society.
Grassroots movements and organizations use collective action from the local level to implement change at the local, regional, national, or international levels. Grassroots movements are associated with bottom-up, rather than top-down decision-making, and are sometimes considered more natural or spontaneous than more traditional power structures ...
Power as a relational concept: Power exists in relationships. The issue here is often how much relative power a person has in comparison to one's partner. Partners in close and satisfying relationships often influence each other at different times in various arenas. Power as resource-based: Power usually represents a struggle over resources ...
In philosophy, political science and sociology, elite theory is a theory of the state that seeks to describe and explain power relations in society.In its contemporary form in the 21st century, elite theory posits that (1) power in larger societies, especially nation-states, is concentrated at the top in relatively small elites; (2) power "flows predominantly in a top-down direction from ...
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Organisations grouping almost all the countries in their respective continents. Note that Cuba is a suspended member of the Organization of American States (OAS). Several smaller regional organizations with non-overlapping memberships. Several non-overlapping large alliances. Softer colors indicate observer/associate or candidate countries.