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Orexin (/ ɒ ˈ r ɛ k s ɪ n /), also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. [5] It exists in the forms of orexin-A and orexin-B.The most common form of narcolepsy, type 1, in which the individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the cells ...
An orexigenic, or appetite stimulant, is a drug, hormone, or compound that increases appetite and may induce hyperphagia.This can be a medication or a naturally occurring neuropeptide hormone, such as ghrelin, orexin or neuropeptide Y, [1] [2] which increases hunger and therefore enhances food consumption.
Preclinical research has suggested that orexin antagonists may reduce appetite, but daridorexant and other orexin antagonists have not been associated with weight loss in clinical trials. [16] Daridorexant may have a small risk of suicidal ideation. [26] Orexin receptor antagonists can affect the reward system and produce drug-liking responses ...
Measuring orexin levels in a person's cerebrospinal fluid sampled in a spinal tap may help in diagnosing narcolepsy, with abnormally low levels serving as an indicator of the disorder. [47] This test can be useful when MSLT results are inconclusive or difficult to interpret. [48]
Under ‘food intake,’ why does orexin increase the craving for food? You could tie this in with the increased obesity rate for those with low levels of orexin. The ‘energy metabolism’ section could be expanded or even grouped with the ‘food intake’ section.
The glycemic index is a ranking system that measures how quickly carbohydrate-containing foods raise blood sugar levels. Foods are scored from 0 to 100, with pure glucose, at 100, representing the ...
The lateral hypothalamus (LH), also called the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), [1] contains the primary orexinergic nucleus within the hypothalamus that widely projects throughout the nervous system; [2] this system of neurons mediates an array of cognitive and physical processes, such as promoting feeding behavior and arousal, reducing pain perception, and regulating body temperature ...
A food craving is an intense desire to consume a specific food, as opposed to general hunger. Similarly, thirst is the craving for water. [33] A concept of food noise or food chatter has gotten more attention in the early 2020s since the advent of antiobesity indications for a class of medications called GLP1 agonists (such as semaglutide ...