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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 December 2024. Practice and study of secure communication techniques "Secret code" redirects here. For the Aya Kamiki album, see Secret Code. "Cryptology" redirects here. For the David S. Ware album, see Cryptology (album). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve ...
Historically, various forms of encryption have been used to aid in cryptography. Early encryption techniques were often used in military messaging. Since then, new techniques have emerged and become commonplace in all areas of modern computing. [1] Modern encryption schemes use the concepts of public-key and symmetric-key. [1]
This concept is widely embraced by cryptographers, in contrast to security through obscurity, which is not. Kerckhoffs's principle was phrased by American mathematician Claude Shannon as "the enemy knows the system", [ 1 ] i.e., "one ought to design systems under the assumption that the enemy will immediately gain full familiarity with them".
It is one of the foundational treatments (arguably the foundational treatment) of modern cryptography. [2] His work has been described as a "turning point, and marked the closure of classical cryptography and the beginning of modern cryptography." [3] It has also been described as turning cryptography from an "art to a science". [4]
The Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) is a public-key cryptosystem and Federal Information Processing Standard for digital signatures, based on the mathematical concept of modular exponentiation and the discrete logarithm problem.
The public developments of the 1970s broke the near monopoly on high quality cryptography held by government organizations (see S Levy's Crypto for a journalistic account of some of the policy controversy of the time in the US). For the first time ever, those outside government organizations had access to cryptography not readily breakable by ...
In cryptography, confusion and diffusion are two properties of a secure cipher identified by Claude Shannon in his 1945 classified report A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography. [1] These properties, when present, work together to thwart the application of statistics , and other methods of cryptanalysis .
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cryptography: Cryptography (or cryptology) – practice and study of hiding information. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic ...