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Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group [4] (these may respectively be called alkylamines ...
Most aliphatic compounds are flammable, allowing the use of hydrocarbons as fuel, such as methane in natural gas for stoves or heating; butane in torches and lighters; various aliphatic (as well as aromatic) hydrocarbons in liquid transportation fuels like petrol/gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel; and other uses such as ethyne (acetylene) in welding.
Triethylenetetramine (TETA and trien), also known as trientine when used medically, is an organic compound with the formula [CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 2 NH 2] 2. The pure free base is a colorless oily liquid, but, like many amines, older samples assume a yellowish color due to impurities resulting from air oxidation. It is soluble in polar solvents.
Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (N(CH 2 CH 2 NH 2) 3) is a branched polyamine that is a minor side product of the polyethyleneamine process. A related tripodal polyamine is 1,1,1-tris(aminomethyl)ethane. These are chelating ligands. Polyethylenimine is a polymer derived from aziridine.
Cyclohexylamine is used as an intermediate in synthesis of other organic compounds. It is the precursor to sulfenamide-based reagents used as accelerators for vulcanization. The amine itself is an effective corrosion inhibitor. It has been used as a flushing aid in the printing ink industry. [5]
Polyethylenimine (PEI) or polyaziridine is a polymer with repeating units composed of the amine group and two carbon aliphatic CH 2 CH 2 spacers. Linear polyethyleneimines contain all secondary amines, in contrast to branched PEIs which contain primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups.
To manufacture a polyaspartic ester, an amine is reacted with dialkyl maleate by the aza-Michael reaction. [8]Diethyl maleate is the usual maleate used. This converts the primary amines to secondary amines and also introduces bulky groups to the molecule which causes steric hindrance, slowing the reaction down.
Its main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane, dyes, and other industrial chemicals. Like most volatile amines, it has the odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds. [7] It is toxic to humans. Relative to benzene, aniline is "electron-rich".