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Any type of convulsive seizure resulting in trauma could cause fetal heart rate changes and lactic acid build-up. [10] Throughout the pregnancy, the patient's OB or other pregnancy care providers should assess the patient for an increase in all types of seizures, including: Focal aware seizures/auras; Focal impaired aware seizures; Absence seizures
[11] [12] [13] Maternal valproate use during pregnancy increased the probability of autism in the offspring compared to mothers not taking valproate from 1.5% to 4.4%. [14] A 2005 study found rates of autism among children exposed to sodium valproate before birth in the cohort studied were 8.9%. [ 15 ]
Levetiracetam, sold under the brand name Keppra among others, is a novel antiepileptic drug [7] used to treat epilepsy. [8] It is used for partial-onset , myoclonic , or tonic–clonic seizures, [ 7 ] and is taken either by mouth as an immediate or extended release formulation or by injection into a vein .
Several studies that followed children exposed to ASMs during pregnancy showed that a number of widely used ones (including lamotrigine and levetiracetam) carried a low risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes (cognitive and behavioral) in children when compared to children born to mothers without epilepsy and children born to mothers taking ...
Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that is first diagnosed during pregnancy and can accordingly cause high blood sugar that affects the woman and the baby. [9] In 10 - 20% of women whose diet and exercise are not adequate enough to control blood sugar, insulin injections may be required to lower blood sugar levels. [9]
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Pregnancy does not seem to change seizure frequency very much. [188] When seizures happen, however, they can cause some pregnancy complications, such as pre-term births or the babies being smaller than usual when they are born. [188] All pregnancies have a risk of birth defects, e.g., due to smoking during pregnancy. [188]
Factitious disorder (self-induced illness) can take many forms, and, during pregnancy, they include obstetric complications such as antepartum bleeding and hyperemesis. [14] [15] They also include simulation of labor by contractions of the abdominal muscles [16] or manipulation of tocodynamometry.