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The geometric series is an infinite series derived from a special type of sequence called a geometric progression.This means that it is the sum of infinitely many terms of geometric progression: starting from the initial term , and the next one being the initial term multiplied by a constant number known as the common ratio .
An infinite series of any rational function of can be reduced to a finite series of polygamma functions, by use of partial fraction decomposition, [8] as explained here. This fact can also be applied to finite series of rational functions, allowing the result to be computed in constant time even when the series contains a large number of terms.
The first block is a unit block and the dashed line represents the infinite sum of the sequence, a number that it will forever approach but never touch: 2, 3/2, and 4/3 respectively. A geometric progression , also known as a geometric sequence , is a mathematical sequence of non-zero numbers where each term after the first is found by ...
First six summands drawn as portions of a square. The geometric series on the real line. In mathematics, the infinite series 1 / 2 + 1 / 4 + 1 / 8 + 1 / 16 + ··· is an elementary example of a geometric series that converges absolutely.
Therefore, any totally regular summation method gives a sum of infinity, including the Cesàro sum and Abel sum. [1] On the other hand, there is at least one generally useful method that sums 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ⋯ {\displaystyle 1+2+4+8+\cdots } to the finite value of −1.
The sum of the members of a finite arithmetic progression is called an arithmetic series. For example, consider the sum: For example, consider the sum: 2 + 5 + 8 + 11 + 14 = 40 {\displaystyle 2+5+8+11+14=40}
is the sum of an arithmetico-geometric series defined by = =, =, and =, and it converges to =. This sequence corresponds to the expected number of coin tosses required to obtain "tails". The probability T k {\displaystyle T_{k}} of obtaining tails for the first time at the k th toss is as follows:
However, if the terms and their finite sums belong to a set that has limits, it may be possible to assign a value to a series, called the sum of the series. This value is the limit as n {\displaystyle n} tends to infinity of the finite sums of the n {\displaystyle n} first terms of the series if the limit exists.