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The general definition of a qubit as the quantum state of a two-level quantum system.In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device.
Common quantum logic gates by name (including abbreviation), circuit form(s) and the corresponding unitary matrices. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.
[1] [2] A logical qubit is a physical or abstract qubit that performs as specified in a quantum algorithm or quantum circuit [3] subject to unitary transformations, has a long enough coherence time to be usable by quantum logic gates (c.f. propagation delay for classical logic gates). [1] [4] [5]
The global phase gate introduces a global phase to the whole qubit quantum state. A quantum state is uniquely defined up to a phase. A quantum state is uniquely defined up to a phase. Because of the Born rule , a phase factor has no effect on a measurement outcome: | e i φ | = 1 {\displaystyle |e^{i\varphi }|=1} for any φ {\displaystyle ...
The purpose of quantum computing focuses on building an information theory with the features of quantum mechanics: instead of encoding a binary unit of information (), which can be switched to 1 or 0, a quantum binary unit of information (qubit) can simultaneously turn to be 0 and 1 at the same time, thanks to the phenomenon called superposition.
Just as the bit is the basic concept of classical information theory, the qubit is the fundamental unit of quantum information.The same term qubit is used to refer to an abstract mathematical model and to any physical system that is represented by that model.
1 ebit + 2 bits 1 qubit (i.e. quantum teleportation), where ⩾ {\displaystyle \geqslant } indicates "can do the job of". These principles were formulated around 1993 by Charles H. Bennett .
A qubit is a two-level system, and when we measure one qubit, we can have either 1 or 0 as a result. One corresponds to odd parity, and zero corresponds to even parity. This is what a parity check is. This idea can be generalized beyond single qubits. This can be generalized beyond a single qubit and it is useful in QEC.