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The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows.
Atypoidea is a clade of mygalomorph spiders, one of the two main groups into which the mygalomorphs are divided (the other being Avicularioidea). It has been treated at the rank of superfamily. It contains five families of spiders: [1] [2] [3] Atypidae Thorell, 1870 Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940 Mecicobothriidae Holmberg, 1882
Atracidae is a family of mygalomorph spiders, commonly known as Australian funnel-web spiders or atracids. It has been included as a subfamily of the Hexathelidae, but is now recognised as a separate family. [1] All members of the family are native to Australia.
Atypus karschi is a mygalomorph spider found in Korea, China, Taiwan, and Japan. It has been introduced into the United States. [1] [2] [3] First described in 1887 by Friedrich Karl Wilhelm Dönitz, the specific name honors arachnologist Friedrich Karsch.
Missulena is a genus of mygalomorph spiders in the family Actinopodidae.It was first described by Charles Walckenaer in 1805, [3] and is a senior synonym of Eriodon. [2] M. tussulena is found in Chile, but the rest are indigenous to Australia. [4]
Nemesiidae is a family of mygalomorph [1] spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, [2] and raised to family status in 1985. Before becoming its own family, it was considered part of "Dipluridae". [3] The family is sometimes referred to as wishbone spiders due to the shape of their burrows. [4]
Porrhothele antipodiana, the black tunnelweb spider, is a species of mygalomorph spider that lives in New Zealand. It is the most common and widespread of several species in the genus Porrhothele, and is especially common in the greater Wellington region where the vagrant mature males are often encountered in or around dwellings.
Spiders have developed several different respiratory anatomies, based either on book lungs or on tracheae. Mesothele and mygalomorph spiders have two pairs of book lungs filled with haemolymph, where openings on the ventral surface of the abdomen allow air to enter and oxygen to diffuse in and carbon dioxide to diffuse out.