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  2. Genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the...

    Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia, from 25,000 years ago to present. The genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is divided into two distinct periods: the initial peopling of the Americas from about 20,000 to 14,000 years ago (20–14 kya), and European contact, after about 500 years ago.

  3. Peopling of the Americas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peopling_of_the_Americas

    Map of early human migrations based on the Out of Africa theory; figures are in thousands of years ago (kya). [1]The peopling of the Americas began when Paleolithic hunter-gatherers (Paleo-Indians) entered North America from the North Asian Mammoth steppe via the Beringia land bridge, which had formed between northeastern Siberia and western Alaska due to the lowering of sea level during the ...

  4. Indigenous peoples of the Americas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the...

    The Métis people of Canada can be contrasted, for instance, to the Indigenous-European mixed-race mestizos (or caboclos in Brazil) of Hispanic America who, with their larger population (in most Latin American countries constituting either outright majorities, pluralities, or at the least large minorities), identify largely as a new ethnic ...

  5. Solutrean hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutrean_hypothesis

    The premise of the Solutrean Hypothesis is that the similarities between Clovis and Solutrean lithic technologies are evidence that the Solutreans were the first people to migrate to the Americas, dating long before mainstream scientific theories of the peopling of the Americas. The theory was proposed in 2004 by Dennis Stanford of the ...

  6. Ethnic studies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_studies

    Ethnic studies, in the United States, is the interdisciplinary study of difference—chiefly race, ethnicity, and nation, but also sexuality, gender, and other such markings—and power, as expressed by the state, by civil society, and by individuals. Its origin comes before the civil rights era, as early as the 1900s.

  7. Historical racial and ethnic demographics of the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_racial_and...

    Racial and ethnic demographics of the United States in percentage of the population. The United States census enumerated Whites and Blacks since 1790, Asians and Native Americans since 1860 (though all Native Americans in the U.S. were not enumerated until 1890), "some other race" since 1950, and "two or more races" since 2000. [2]

  8. Historical race concepts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_race_concepts

    The concept of race as a categorization of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) has an extensive history in Europe and the Americas.The contemporary word race itself is modern; historically it was used in the sense of "nation, ethnic group" during the 16th to 19th centuries.

  9. Primordialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordialism

    Shils, Edward. "Primordial, Personal, Sacred and Civil Ties: Some Particular Observations on the Relationships of Sociological Research and Theory". British Journal of Sociology 8, no. 2 (1957): 130–145; Spencer, Steve, Race and Ethnicity: Culture, Identity and Representation (Routledge, 2006) Barth, Fredrik 1969: Ethnic Groups and Boundaries