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Spastic hemiplegia is a neuromuscular condition of spasticity that results in the muscles on one side of the body being in a constant state of contraction. It is the "one-sided version" of spastic diplegia. It falls under the mobility impairment umbrella of cerebral palsy. About 20–30% of people with cerebral palsy have spastic hemiplegia. [1]
Major risk factors for cerebral infarction are generally the same as for atherosclerosis. These include high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, tobacco smoking, obesity, and dyslipidemia. [13] There are also risks that a person can't control. These include a person's age, family history of strokes, being African American, and being born a male.
Hemiplegia, in its most severe form, is the complete paralysis of one entire side of the body. Either hemiparesis or hemiplegia can result from a variety of medical causes, including congenital conditions, trauma, tumors, traumatic brain injury and stroke.
Spastic cerebral palsy is caused by malformation of or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement. [12] What exactly makes some children susceptible to such brain damage is often unknown but it is believed that cerebral palsy may be the result of causal pathways, or chains of events that cause or increase the likelihood of brain injury. [13]
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Hypertension (high blood pressure) is the most important contributing risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular diseases as it can change the structure of blood vessels and result in atherosclerosis. [5] Atherosclerosis narrows blood vessels in the brain, resulting in decreased cerebral perfusion.
Advanced age is one of the most significant stroke risk factors. 95% of stroke occurs in people age 45 and older, and two-thirds of stroke occurs in those over the age of 65. [53] [230] A person's risk of dying if he or she does have stroke also increases with age. However, stroke can occur at any age, including in childhood. [citation needed]
Risk factors for ICH include: [11] Hypertension (high blood pressure) Diabetes mellitus; Menopause; Excessive alcohol consumption; Severe migraine; Hypertension is the strongest risk factor associated with intracerebral hemorrhage and long term control of elevated blood pressure has been shown to reduce the incidence of hemorrhage. [7]