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In Bosnia and Herzegovina (regardless of the official language) and in Montenegro, the Ijekavian pronunciation is used almost exclusively. Ikavian pronunciation is nonstandard, and is limited to dialectal use in Dalmatia, Lika, Istria, central Bosnia (area between Vrbas and Bosna ), Western Herzegovina, Bosanska Krajina , Slavonia and northern ...
Herzegovina (/ ˌ h ɛər t s ɪ ˈ ɡ oʊ v ɪ n ə / HAIRT-sih-GOH-vih-nə or / ˌ h ɜːr t s ə ɡ oʊ ˈ v iː n ə / HURT-sə-goh-VEE-nə; Serbo-Croatian: Hercegovina / Херцеговина, pronounced [xɛ̌rt͡se̞ɡoʋina]) is the southern and smaller of two main geographical regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Bosnia.
Bosnia and Herzegovina [a] (Serbo-Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina, Босна и Херцеговина), [b] [c] sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula. It borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north and southwest.
Standard Croatian is the official language of the Republic of Croatia [53] and, along with Standard Bosnian and Standard Serbian, one of three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina. [2] It is also official in the regions of Burgenland (Austria), [ 54 ] Molise (Italy) [ 55 ] and Vojvodina (Serbia). [ 56 ]
The Ekavian pronunciation, sometimes called Eastern, is spoken primarily in Serbia, and in small parts of Croatia. The Ikavian pronunciation, sometimes called Western, is spoken in western and central Bosnia, western Herzegovina, some of Slavonia and the major part of Dalmatia in Croatia.
1993 constitution of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Article 4: "In the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbo-Croatian or Croatian-Serbian language with the Ijekavian pronunciation is in official use. Both scripts — Latin and Cyrillic, are equal."
The name of Bosnia is commonly used in English language as an exonym Bosnia, representing the South Slavic common endonym Bosna (or "Босна" in Cyrillic script).The name was first recorded during the 10th century, in the Greek form Βόσονα, designating the region. [1]
The original text of the Constitution of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was agreed in Vienna and was signed by Krešimir Zubak and Haris Silajdžić on March 18, 1994. [45] The constitution of Republika Srpska, the Serb-dominated entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina, did not recognize any language or ethnic group other than Serbian. [46]