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Coulomb's inverse-square law, or simply Coulomb's law, is an experimental law [1] of physics that calculates the amount of force between two electrically charged particles at rest.
The definition of electrostatic potential, combined with the differential form of Gauss's law (above), provides a relationship between the potential Φ and the charge density ρ: =. This relationship is a form of Poisson's equation. [11]
A visual and tactile classroom model of strong close-range attraction and far-range repulsion characteristic of the fusion potential curve is modeled in the magnetic “Coulomb” barrier apparatus. [3] The apparatus won first place in the 2023 national apparatus competition of the American Academy of Physics Teachers in Sacramento, California.
The chemical potential μ is, by definition, the energy of adding an extra electron to the fluid. This energy may be decomposed into a kinetic energy T part and the potential energy − eφ part. Since the chemical potential is kept constant, Δ μ = Δ T − e Δ ϕ = 0. {\displaystyle \Delta \mu =\Delta T-e\Delta \phi =0.}
The attraction between cationic and anionic sites is a noncovalent, or intermolecular interaction which is usually referred to as ion pairing or salt bridge. [6] It is essentially due to electrostatic forces, although in aqueous medium the association is driven by entropy and often even endothermic.
The coulomb was originally defined, using the latter definition of the ampere, as 1 A × 1 s. [4] The 2019 redefinition of the ampere and other SI base units fixed the numerical value of the elementary charge when expressed in coulombs and therefore fixed the value of the coulomb when expressed as a multiple of the fundamental charge.
Interpersonal attraction, as a part of social psychology, is the study of the attraction between people which leads to the development of platonic or romantic relationships. It is distinct from perceptions such as physical attractiveness , and involves views of what is and what is not considered beautiful or attractive.
The term coulometry was introduced in 1938 by Hungarian chemist László Szebellédy and Zoltan Somogyi. [3] Coulometry is the measure of charge, thus named after its unit the coulomb . Michael Faraday , known for his work in electricity and magnetism , made critical contributions to the field of electrochemistry.