Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Developed in 1991, [10] DQ alpha testing was the first forensic DNA technique that utilized the polymerase chain reaction. [11] This technique allowed for the use of far fewer cells than RFLP analysis making it more useful for crime scenes that did not have the large amounts of DNA material that was previously required. [ 12 ]
Starting in the mid 1970s, scientific advances allowed the use of DNA as a material for the identification of an individual. The first patent covering the direct use of DNA variation for forensics (US5593832A [6] [7]) was filed by Jeffrey Glassberg in 1983, based upon work he had done while at Rockefeller University in the United States in 1981.
The US government's own Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database is composed of forensic evidence assessable to local, state, and federal law enforcement officials. This database consists of genetic profiles of approximately 18 million different people, however these are limited to DNA samples from convicted felons and arrestees. [26]
The use of DNA sequencing has also led to the development of new forensic techniques, such as DNA phenotyping, which allows investigators to predict an individual's physical characteristics based on their genetic data. In addition to its applications in forensic science, DNA sequencing has also been used in medical research and diagnosis.
Forensic biology is the application of biological principles and techniques in the investigation of criminal and civil cases. [1] [2]Forensic biology is primarily concerned with analyzing biological and serological evidence in order to obtain a DNA profile, which aids law enforcement in the identification of potential suspects or unidentified remains.
Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) is a forensic discipline focused on analyzing bloodstains left at known, or suspected crime scenes through visual pattern recognition and physics-based assessments. This is done with the purpose of drawing inferences about the nature, timing and other details of the crime. [ 1 ]
Genetic analysis is the overall process of studying and researching in fields of science that involve genetics and molecular biology.There are a number of applications that are developed from this research, and these are also considered parts of the process.
Hampikian was inducted as a Charter Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors. His inventions range from a magnetic shaped memory alloy micro-pump to a forensic DNA labeling kit that prevents contamination of samples given to the police. Hampikian pioneered the study of DNA and protein sequences absent from nature and coined the term Nullomers.