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An equianalgesic chart is a conversion chart that lists equivalent doses of analgesics (drugs used to relieve pain). Equianalgesic charts are used for calculation of an equivalent dose (a dose which would offer an equal amount of analgesia) between different analgesics. [1]
Caffeine reduces the effectiveness of triazolam. [25] Other important interactions include cimetidine, diltiazem, fluconazole, grapefruit juice, isoniazid, itraconazole, nefazodone, rifampicin, ritonavir, and troleandomycin. [26] [27] Triazolam should not be administered to patients on efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir (Atripla). [28]
There is no standard value for "a cup of coffee." The caffeine content of cola drinks and most energy drinks can be difficult to determine, because in many cases the labels do not indicate the dose per serving. Caffeine doses in these beverages range from 20 to 30 mg in some soft drinks, up to 350 mg or more in some energy drinks.
Urinary metabolites of caffeine in humans at 48 hours post-dose [184] Caffeine from coffee or other beverages is absorbed by the small intestine within 45 minutes of ingestion and distributed throughout all bodily tissues. [185] Peak blood concentration is reached within 1–2 hours. [186] It is eliminated by first-order kinetics. [187]
Half-life of caffeine for most adults is between 2.5 and 4.5 hours when consumption is limited to less than 10 mg/kg. However, during neonatal development, half-life for the fetus is significantly longer and decreases exponentially after birth to reach a normal rate at about 6 months. [ 8 ]
Caffeine can cause a physical dependence, if consumed in excessive amounts. [3] The need for caffeine can be identified when individuals feel headaches, fatigue and muscle pain 24 hours after their last energy drink. [4] Some commercially distributed drinks contain guarana, a South American berry with a caffeine content about twice that of ...
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] Caffeine in coffee takes up to half an hour to have an alerting effect, hence "a short (<15min) nap will not be compromised if it is taken immediately after the coffee." [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] One account suggested that it was like a "double shot of energy" from the stimulating boost from caffeine plus better alertness from napping. [ 1 ]