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The routing prefix of an address is identified by the subnet mask, written in the same form used for IP addresses. For example, the subnet mask for a routing prefix that is composed of the most-significant 24 bits of an IPv4 address is written as 255.255.255.0.
A wildcard mask can be thought of as an inverted subnet mask. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 ( 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 2 ) inverts to a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.255 ( 00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111 2 ).
A subnet mask is a bitmask that encodes the prefix length associated with an IPv4 address or network in quad-dotted notation: 32 bits, starting with a number of 1-bits equal to the prefix length, ending with 0-bits, and encoded in four-part dotted-decimal format: 255.255.255.0. A subnet mask encodes the same information as a prefix length but ...
192.168.0.0/16 (255.255.0.0) 16 bits: 16 bits: 256 contiguous class C networks ... Prefix/L Global ID (random) Subnet ID Number of addresses in subnet 48 bits
Subnet Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1 048 576: Private network Used for local communications within a private network [3] 192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256
Unicast-prefix-based The 234.0.0.0 / 8 range is assigned as a range of global IPv4 multicast address space provided to each organization that has / 24 or larger globally routed unicast address space allocated; one multicast address is reserved per / 24 of unicast space. [ 17 ]
It is used as a local broadcast address for sending messages to all devices on the subnet simultaneously. For networks of size / 24 or larger, the broadcast address always ends in 255. For example, in the subnet 192.168.5.0 / 24 (subnet mask 255.255.255.0) the identifier 192.168.5.0 is used to refer to the entire subnet
IP addresses in dot-decimal notation are also presented in CIDR notation, in which the IP address is suffixed with a slash and a number, used to specify the length of the associated routing prefix. For example, 127.0.0.1/8 specifies that the IP address has an eight-bit routing prefix, and therefore the subnet mask 255.0.0.0.