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The Battle of Changping (長平之戰) was a military campaign during the Warring States period of ancient China, which took place from 262 BC to 260 BC at Changping (northwest of present-day Gaoping, Shanxi province), between the two strongest military powers, the State of Qin and the State of Zhao. After a bitter two-year stalemate, the ...
The Battle of Changping is ranked among the most lethal military operations in history and the largest battles in history since the combined troops numbered at 1.1 million. The battle reflects a model of total war between states, which countries use all of their human and economic resources into warfare.
Qin and Zhao engaged in the three-year-long Battle of Changping, followed by another three-year siege by Qin on Zhao's capital city of Handan. The conflict at Changping was seen as a power struggle, as both sides pitted their forces against each other not only on the battlefield, but also domestically.
The governor of Shangdang refused to surrender and presented it to Zhao instead. This led to the Battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao that resulted in a decisive victory for Qin. In 257 BC, the allied forces of Zhao, Wei and Chu managed to hold off Qin at the Battle of Handan, resulting in the first major defeat for Qin since Shang Yang's ...
King Xiaocheng of Zhao (Chinese: 趙孝成王; r. 265 BCE [1] – 245 BCE [2]), personal name Zhao Dan, was a king of the Zhao state.His reign saw the decline of Zhao military power owing to the catastrophic defeat by the Qin state at the Battle of Changping.
The struggle then culminated in the bloodiest battle of the entire period, the Battle of Changping in 260 BC. Zhao's forces were utterly defeated by Qin. Although the forces of Wei and Chu saved Handan from a subsequent siege by the victorious Qin, Zhao would never recover from the enormous loss of troops in the battle.
He was succeeded by his son Zhao Kuo, who was the commander of the catastrophic Battle of Changping. Eventually in 228 BC the state of Zhao was subjugated by the State of Qin . The offspring of Zhao She adopted " Ma " (馬), the first word of the district "Ma Fu", as their surname.
The first Qin invasion initially appeared successful but ended up in a major disaster when the 200,000 Qin army was annihilated by a combined attack of 500,000 Chu troops led by General Xiang Yan and another army under the direct command of Lord Changping, at the Battle of Chengfu in the unfamiliar territory of Huaiyang (modern-day northern ...