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Matariki is the Māori name for the cluster of stars known to Western astronomers as the Pleiades in the constellation Taurus. Matariki is a shortened version of Ngā mata o te ariki o Tāwhirimātea, "the eyes of the god Tāwhirimātea". [1]
Rongomātāne, the god of cultivated foods, particularly sweet potato / Kumara. Tānemahuta, the god of forests and birds. Tangaroa, the god of the ocean and the creatures within. (Original Father in the Main Mythology) Tāwhirimātea, the god of storms and violent weather. Tūmatauenga, the god of war, hunting, cooking, fishing, and food ...
God of war, hunting, fishing and agriculture: Tāwhirimātea God of the Weather, and storms [1] Hine-ahu-one First woman: Tāne-mahuta God of forests and birds: Tangaroa God of the sea : Rongo-mā-tāne God of peace, and of cultivated plants: Haumia-tiketike God of wild food plants: Urutengangana God of the light : Ruaumoko God of Earthquakes ...
Tāwhirimātea was enraged, as he saw it as a move to usurp his kingdom. So the god flew to the sky and communed with his father. Rangi reluctantly agreed to help his son wage a brutal war on his siblings. They were the spirits of winds, storms, and rain. Tāwhirimātea assembled his huge army and set out to conquer his brothers.
At least two references to him from 1891 appear in Edward Tregear's The Maori-Polynesian comparative dictionary, where he is described as "God, the Supreme Being", [12]: 106 and as a figure in Moriori genealogy, but as Tiki's descendant. [12]: 669 A third reference might be found in the same book under Ngāti Maniapoto's genealogy.
Rangiānehu Mātāmua ONZM is a New Zealand indigenous studies and Māori cultural astronomy academic and is Professor of Mātauranga Māori at Massey University.He is the first Māori person to win a Prime Minister's Science Prize, is a fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi, and is the chief advisor to the New Zealand Government on the public holiday Matariki.
Māori followed certain practices that relate to traditional concepts like tapu.Certain people and objects contain mana – spiritual power or essence. In earlier times, tribal members of a higher rank would not touch objects which belonged to members of a lower rank – to do so would constitute "pollution"; and persons of a lower rank could not touch the belongings of a highborn person ...
The Moon's phases are used to define the main subdivision of the year (maramataka). The timing of the New Year varied regionally across New Zealand, but was often based around the Pleiades star cluster (Matariki). Some iwi, for example, used the first new moon after the appearance of Matariki as the start of the new year. [19]