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The Canadian Arctic tundra is a biogeographic designation for Northern Canada's terrain generally lying north of the tree line or boreal forest, [2] [3] [4] that corresponds with the Scandinavian Alpine tundra to the east and the Siberian Arctic tundra to the west inside the circumpolar tundra belt of the Northern Hemisphere. [5]
The Canadian High Arctic Tundra ecoregion encompasses most of the northern Arctic archipelago, from much of Baffin Island, Somerset Island, and Prince of Wales Island in the south, through all islands northward to the most northern island in Canada, Ellesmere Island. [3]
The tundra region is found in high latitudes, primarily in Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland, Iceland, and Scandinavia, as well as the Antarctic Islands. Consisting of the arctic, alpine, and Antarctic regions, and stemming from the Samer language, tundra literally means a "high and dry place".
Permafrost tundra includes vast areas of northern Russia and Canada. [2] The polar tundra is home to several peoples who are mostly nomadic reindeer herders, such as the Nganasan and Nenets in the permafrost area (and the Sami in Sápmi). Tundra in Siberia. Arctic tundra contains areas of stark landscape and is frozen for much of the year. [5]
While the largest part of the Arctic is composed of permanent ice and the Canadian Arctic tundra north of the tree line, it encompasses geological regions of varying types: The Innuitian Mountains, associated with the Arctic Cordillera mountain system, are geologically distinct from the Arctic Region (which consists largely of lowlands).
The Arctic is rapidly changing from the climate crisis, with no "new normal," scientists warn.. Wildfires and permafrost thaw are making the tundra emit more carbon than it absorbs. From beaver ...
The Arctic experienced its second-hottest year on record, according to a NOAA report. The Arctic tundra has become a source of emissions, rather than a carbon sink.
The Arctic tundra, a critical “carbon sink” for thousands of years, is now releasing more of the greenhouse gas than it takes in, scientists have announced.