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Table of specific heat capacities at 25 °C (298 K) unless otherwise noted. [citation needed] Notable minima and maxima are shown in maroon. Substance Phase Isobaric mass heat capacity c P J⋅g −1 ⋅K −1 Molar heat capacity, C P,m and C V,m J⋅mol −1 ⋅K −1 Isobaric volumetric heat capacity C P,v J⋅cm −3 ⋅K −1 Isochoric ...
Since the molar heat capacity of a substance is the specific heat c times the molar mass of the substance M/N its numerical value is generally smaller than that of the specific heat. Paraffin wax , for example, has a specific heat of about 2500 J⋅K −1 ⋅kg −1 but a molar heat capacity of about 600 J⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1 .
These effects usually combine to give heat capacities lower than 3R per mole of atoms in the solid, although in molecular solids, heat capacities calculated per mole of molecules in molecular solids may be more than 3R. For example, the heat capacity of water ice at the melting point is about 4.6R per mole of molecules, but only 1.5R per mole ...
J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6, Thermodynamic Properties; Table 6.4, Heats of Fusion, Vaporization, and Sublimation and Specific Heat at Various Temperatures of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds
For an ideal gas, the molar heat capacity is at most a function of temperature, since the internal energy is solely a function of temperature for a closed system, i.e., = (,), where n is the amount of substance in moles.
That is, the molar mass of a chemical compound expressed in g/mol or kg/kmol is numerically equal to its average molecular mass expressed in Da. For example, the average mass of one molecule of water is about 18.0153 Da, and the mass of one mole of water is about 18.0153 g.
The molar mass is defined as the mass of a given substance divided by the amount of the substance, and is expressed in grams per mol (g/mol). That makes the molar mass an average of many particles or molecules (potentially containing different isotopes), and the molecular mass the mass of one specific particle or molecule. The molar mass is ...
for dry air of 28.964917 g/mol. The specific gas constant of a gas or a mixture of gases ( R specific ) is given by the molar gas constant divided by the molar mass ( M ) of the gas or mixture: R s p e c i f i c = R M {\displaystyle R_{\rm {specific}}={\frac {R}{M}}}