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Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 12 —that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane means exclusively the n-pentane isomer, in which case pentanes refers to a mixture of them; the other two are called isopentane (methylbutane) and neopentane ...
Number of isomers [3] [4] Number of isomers including stereoisomers [3] [5] Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride ...
The number of possible isomers increases rapidly with the number of carbon atoms. For example, for acyclic alkanes: [3] C 1: methane only; C 2: ethane only; C 3: propane only; C 4: 2 isomers: butane and isobutane; C 5: 3 isomers: pentane, isopentane, and neopentane; C 6: 5 isomers: hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane ...
It is one of the three structural isomers with the molecular formula C 5 H 12 , the other two being n-pentane and isopentane. Out of these three, it is the only one to be a gas at standard conditions; the others are liquids. It was first synthesized by Russian chemist Mikhail Lvov in 1870. [4]
This is the list of the 75 isomers of decane. [1] [2] Straight-chain. n-Decane ... pentane or 3-Isopropyl-2,4-dimethylpentane; Diethyl+Methyl. 3,3-Diethyl-2 ...
Bromopentanes are a group of bromoalkanes consisting of pentane isomers with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by bromine atoms. They have the formula C 5 H 12–n Br n, where n = 1–12 is the number of bromine atoms. They are colorless liquids.
[2] [3] The term metamer was formerly used for the same concept. [4] For example, butanol H 3 C−(CH 2) 3 −OH, methyl propyl ether H 3 C−(CH 2) 2 −O−CH 3, and diethyl ether (H 3 CCH 2 −) 2 O have the same molecular formula C 4 H 10 O but are three distinct structural isomers. The concept applies also to polyatomic ions with the same ...
Isomers where hexane is the longest chain: Trimethyl. 2,2,3-Trimethylhexane; 2,2,4-Trimethylhexane; ... Isomers where pentane is the longest chain Tetramethyl