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Delocalizing the radical ion stabilizes the transition state structure. As a result, the energy of activation decreases, enhancing the rate of the overall reaction. According to the captodative effect, the rate of a reaction is the greatest when both the EDG and EWG are able to delocalize the radical ion in the transition state structure. [7]
An electron donating group (EDG) or electron releasing group (ERG, Z in structural formulas) is an atom or functional group that donates some of its electron density into a conjugated π system via resonance (mesomerism) or inductive effects (or induction)—called +M or +I effects, respectively—thus making the π system more nucleophilic.
Feminist economists also examine early economic thinkers' interaction or lack of interaction with gender and women's issues, showing examples of women's historical engagement with economic thought. For example, Edith Kuiper discusses Adam Smith's engagement with feminist discourse on the role of women in the eighteenth century France and ...
Women's participation in economics is lower than in any other social science. By many measures, the gender gap in economics is the largest of any discipline. For example, women received about 30% of doctorate and bachelor's degrees in economics in 2014, compared with 45% to 60% of degrees in business, humanities, and the STEM fields. [16]
The new research also revealed that less than 10% of Americans learned about personal finance in school, but younger generations are more likely to discuss money with their parents than members of ...
List of economic reports by U.S. government agencies; List of free trade agreements; List of international trade topics; List of management topics; List of marketing topics; List of production functions; List of production topics; List of recessions in the United States; List of scholarly journals in economics; List of topics in industrial ...
These are the stories you liked, loved and shared the most in 2015.
A Connecticut man who allegedly killed a woman and her infant son in November targeted the woman because she owed him $400 for renting a vehicle of his, arrest reports said on Monday.