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The depressor labii inferioris muscle arises from the lateral surface of the mandible. [1] This is below the mental foramen, and the origin may be around 3 cm wide. [1] It inserts on the skin of the lower lip, blending in with the orbicularis oris muscle around 2 cm wide. [1]
The mentalis muscle causes a weak upward-inward movement of the soft tissue complex of the chin. [2] This raises the central portion of the lower lip. [2] In the setting of lip incompetence (the upper and lower lips not touching each other at rest), the contraction of the mentalis muscle can bring temporary but strained oral competence.
Cupid's bow feature of a human lip. The upper and lower lips are referred to as the labium superius oris and labium inferius oris, respectively. [2] [3] The juncture where the lips meet the surrounding skin of the mouth area is the vermilion border, [4] and the typically reddish area within the borders is called the vermilion zone. [5]
The forward place of articulation is labial, which means it is articulated with the lips. The release is a noisy, affricate-like sound. Bilabial articulation, using both lips, is typical. Sometimes this may pass through a labio-dental stage as the click is released, making it noisier. [3]
The lips come together to close the opening of the mouth, forming a line between the upper and lower lip. In facial expression, this mouth line is iconically shaped like an up-open parabola in a smile, and like a down-open parabola in a frown.
Photographic Comparison of: 1) a canker sore – inside the mouth, 2) herpes labialis, 3) angular cheilitis and 4) chapped lips. [4]Chapped lips (also known as cheilitis simplex [5] or common cheilitis) [6] is characterized by the cracking, fissuring, and peeling of the skin of the lips, and is one of the most common types of cheilitis.
Nevus (pl.: nevi) is a nonspecific medical term for a visible, circumscribed, chronic lesion of the skin or mucosa. [1] The term originates from nævus, which is Latin for "birthmark"; however, a nevus can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired.
The platysma muscle lies just deep to the subcutaneous fascia and fat. [1] [3] It covers many structures found deeper in the neck, such as the external carotid artery, the external jugular vein, [4] the parotid gland, [4] the lesser occipital nerve, [4] the great auricular nerve, [4] and the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve.