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  2. Magma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma

    Magma that cools slowly within a magma chamber usually ends up forming bodies of plutonic rocks such as gabbro, diorite and granite, depending upon the composition of the magma. Alternatively, if the magma is erupted it forms volcanic rocks such as basalt , andesite and rhyolite (the extrusive equivalents of gabbro, diorite and granite ...

  3. Calc-alkaline magma series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calc-alkaline_magma_series

    The calc-alkaline magma series is one of two main subdivisions of the subalkaline magma series, the other subalkaline magma series being the tholeiitic series. A magma series is a series of compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma, which is high in magnesium and iron and produces basalt or gabbro, as it fractionally crystallizes to become a felsic magma, which is low in ...

  4. Fractional crystallization (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_crystallization...

    Cumulate rock – Igneous rocks formed by the accumulation of crystals from a magma either by settling or floating. Flow banding – Bands or layers that can sometimes be seen in rock that formed from magma; Fractional crystallization (chemistry) – Method for refining substances based on differences in their solubility

  5. Igneous differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_differentiation

    Magma mixing is the process by which two magmas meet, comingle, and form a magma of a composition somewhere between the two end-member magmas. Magma mixing is a common process in volcanic magma chambers, which are open-system chambers where magmas enter the chamber, [ 10 ] undergo some form of assimilation, fractional crystallisation and ...

  6. List of games using procedural generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_games_using...

    Minecraft: 2011 Mojang: 3D world primarily made of cube blocks. [30] Effectively infinite. [31] Minecraft Dungeons: 2020: Mojang: Randomly-generated 3D dungeons filled with monsters, traps and puzzles, and treasures. [32] [33] Mini Metro: 2015 Dinosaur Polo Club Abstract 2D levels and audio system. [34] No Man's Sky: 2016 Hello Games

  7. Oasis (Minecraft clone) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oasis_(Minecraft_clone)

    Oasis is a 2024 video game that attempts to replicate the 2011 sandbox game Minecraft, run entirely using generative artificial intelligence.The project, which began development in 2022 between the AI company Decart and the computer hardware startup Etched, was released by Decart to the public on October 31, 2024.

  8. Igneous rock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock

    Intermediate composition magma, such as andesite, tends to form cinder cones of intermingled ash, tuff and lava, and may have a viscosity similar to thick, cold molasses or even rubber when erupted. Felsic magma, such as rhyolite, is usually erupted at low temperature and is up to 10,000 times as viscous as basalt. Volcanoes with rhyolitic ...

  9. Alkaline magma series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_magma_series

    Rocks in the alkaline magma series are distinguished from rocks in the subalkaline tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magma series by their high content of alkali metal oxides (K 2 O plus Na 2 O) relative to silica (SiO 2). They are distinct from the rare peralkaline magmas, which have excess alkali oxides relative to alumina (Na 2 O + K 2 O > Al 2 O 3).