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The longitudinal stability of an aircraft, also called pitch stability, [2] refers to the aircraft's stability in its plane of symmetry [2] about the lateral axis (the axis along the wingspan). [1] It is an important aspect of the handling qualities of the aircraft, and one of the main factors determining the ease with which the pilot is able ...
Stability is the ability of the aircraft to counteract disturbances to its flight path. According to David P. Davies, there are six types of aircraft stability: speed stability, stick free static longitudinal stability, static lateral stability, directional stability, oscillatory stability, and spiral stability. [5]: 164
The longitudinal modes of a statically stable airplane following a disturbance were shown to consist of a long-period oscillation called the phugoid oscillation, usually with a period in seconds about one-quarter of the airspeed in miles per hour and a short-period oscillation with a period of only a few seconds. The lateral motion had three ...
Static stability may also refer to: In aircraft or missiles: Static margin — a concept used to characterize the static stability and controllability of aircraft and missiles. Longitudinal stability — the stability of an aircraft in the longitudinal, or pitching, plane during static (established) conditions. In meteorology:
The missile is characterised by only three stability derivatives, and hence provides a useful introduction to the more complex aeroplane dynamics. This diagram shows lift as perpendicular to the longitudinal body axis. In most technical usage, lift is perpendicular to the oncoming flow. That is, perpendicular to the longitudinal stability axis.
A Boeing 737 uses an adjustable stabilizer, moved by a jackscrew, to provide the required pitch trim forces. Generic stabilizer illustrated. A horizontal stabilizer is used to maintain the aircraft in longitudinal balance, or trim: [3] it exerts a vertical force at a distance so the summation of pitch moments about the center of gravity is zero. [4]
For longitudinal static stability: < > For directional static stability: > < Where: = + = For a force acting away from the aerodynamic center, which is away from the reference point:
The way the center of pressure moves as lift coefficient changes makes it difficult to use the center of pressure in the mathematical analysis of longitudinal static stability of an aircraft. For this reason, it is much simpler to use the aerodynamic center when carrying out a mathematical analysis. The aerodynamic center occupies a fixed ...