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  2. Biological specificity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_specificity

    Biological specificity is the tendency of a characteristic such as a behavior or a biochemical variation to occur in a particular species. Biochemist Linus Pauling stated that "Biological specificity is the set of characteristics of living organisms or constituents of living organisms of being special or doing something special.

  3. Chemical specificity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_specificity

    Chemical specificity is the ability of binding site of a macromolecule (such as a protein) to bind specific ligands. The fewer ligands a protein can bind, the greater its specificity. Specificity describes the strength of binding between a given protein and ligand.

  4. Enzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme

    Because the specificity constant reflects both affinity and catalytic ability, it is useful for comparing different enzymes against each other, or the same enzyme with different substrates. The theoretical maximum for the specificity constant is called the diffusion limit and is about 10 8 to 10 9 (M −1 s −1). At this point every collision ...

  5. Bradford Hill criteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradford_Hill_criteria

    Specificity: Causation is likely if there is a very specific population at a specific site and disease with no other likely explanation. The more specific an association between a factor and an effect is, the bigger the probability of a causal relationship.

  6. Sensitivity and specificity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity

    Specificity (true negative rate) is the probability of a negative test result, conditioned on the individual truly being negative. If the true status of the condition cannot be known, sensitivity and specificity can be defined relative to a " gold standard test " which is assumed correct.

  7. Receptor (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)

    Ligands connect to specific receptor proteins based on the shape of the active site of the protein. The receptor releases a messenger once the ligand has connected to the receptor. In biochemistry and pharmacology , receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein , that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological ...

  8. The 1 food you should be eating more of, according to ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/1-food-eating-more-according...

    Change 2: A more flexible definition of "healthy" The second change emphasizes the importance of individual needs and cultural differences when it comes defining a “healthy” diet.

  9. Biomarker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarker

    In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues [ 1 ] to examine normal biological processes , pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention . [ 2 ]