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  2. Tracheid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheid

    Angiosperms have both tracheids and vessel elements. [1] A tracheid is a long and tapered lignified cell in the xylem of vascular plants. It is a type of conductive cell called a tracheary element. Angiosperms use another type of conductive cell, called vessel elements, to transport water through the xylem.

  3. Xylem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylem

    The most distinctive xylem cells are the long tracheary elements that transport water. Tracheids and vessel elements are distinguished by their shape; vessel elements are shorter, and are connected together into long tubes that are called vessels. [6] Xylem also contains two other type of cells: parenchyma and fibers. [7] Xylem can be found:

  4. Vascular plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_plant

    The xylem consists of vessels in flowering plants and of tracheids in other vascular plants. Xylem cells are dead, hard-walled hollow cells arranged to form files of tubes that function in water transport. A tracheid cell wall usually contains the polymer lignin. The phloem, on the other hand, consists of living cells called sieve-tube members ...

  5. Tissue (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_(biology)

    Xylem tissue is organised in a tube-like fashion along the main axes of stems and roots. It consists of a combination of parenchyma cells, fibers, vessels, tracheids, and ray cells. Longer tubes made up of individual cellssels tracheids, while vessel members are open at each end.

  6. Vessel element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vessel_element

    The presence of vessels in xylem has been considered to be one of the key innovations that led to the success of the flowering plants. It was once thought that vessel elements were an evolutionary innovation of flowering plants, but their absence from some basal angiosperms and their presence in some members of the Gnetales suggest that this hypothesis must be re-examined; vessel elements in ...

  7. Tumor-associated endothelial cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor-associated...

    The vasculature can promote metastasis by capturing cancer cells at their primary sites and providing for their delivery to secondary organs. [31] These tumor-associated endothelial cells can also release factors and supply nutrients that promote the growth of the primary tumor mass and its aggressive spread.

  8. Ascent of sap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascent_of_sap

    The ascent of sap in the xylem tissue of plants is the upward movement of water and minerals from the root to the aerial parts of the plant. The conducting cells in xylem are typically non-living and include, in various groups of plants, vessel members and tracheids.

  9. Tumor microenvironment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_microenvironment

    T cells must replicate after arriving at the tumor site to effectively kill the cancer cells, survive hostile elements and migrate through the stroma to the cancer cells. This is affected by the tumor microenvironment. The draining lymph nodes are the likely location for cancer specific T cell replication, although this also occurs within the ...