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where C is the circumference of a circle, d is the diameter, and r is the radius.More generally, = where L and w are, respectively, the perimeter and the width of any curve of constant width.
According to Brooks' theorem every connected cubic graph other than the complete graph K 4 has a vertex coloring with at most three colors. Therefore, every connected cubic graph other than K 4 has an independent set of at least n/3 vertices, where n is the number of vertices in the graph: for instance, the largest color class in a 3-coloring has at least this many vertices.
Roughly speaking, each vertex represents a 3-jm symbol, the graph is converted to a digraph by assigning signs to the angular momentum quantum numbers j, the vertices are labelled with a handedness representing the order of the three j (of the three edges) in the 3-jm symbol, and the graph represents a sum over the product of all these numbers ...
In the case of a cubic form in three variables, the zero set is a cubic plane curve. In ( Delone & Faddeev 1964 ), Boris Delone and Dmitry Faddeev showed that binary cubic forms with integer coefficients can be used to parametrize orders in cubic fields .
A vertex of an angle is the endpoint where two lines or rays come together. In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes) is a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet or intersect. As a consequence of this definition, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the corners of polygons and polyhedra are vertices. [1] [2] [3]
Faces on a vertex figure are considered to progress in one direction. Some uniform polyhedra have vertex figures with inversions where the faces progress retrograde. A vertex figure represents this in the star polygon notation of sides p/q such that p<2q, where p is the number of sides and q the number of turns around a circle. For example, "3/ ...
Cissoid of Diocles traced by points M with ¯ = ¯ Animation visualizing the Cissoid of Diocles. In geometry, the cissoid of Diocles (from Ancient Greek κισσοειδής (kissoeidēs) 'ivy-shaped'; named for Diocles) is a cubic plane curve notable for the property that it can be used to construct two mean proportionals to a given ratio.
Construction of Q 3 by connecting pairs of corresponding vertices in two copies of Q 2. The hypercube graph Q n may be constructed from the family of subsets of a set with n elements, by making a vertex for each possible subset and joining two vertices by an edge whenever the corresponding subsets differ in a single element.