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The Fuchs spot (also known as Förster-Fuchs' Spot [1]) is a degeneration of the macula in cases of high myopia.It is named after the two persons who first described it: Ernst Fuchs, who described a pigmented lesion in 1901, and Forster, who described subretinal neovascularization in 1862. [2]
Layers of the eye, with the choroid labelled. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the creation of new blood vessels in the choroid layer of the eye.Choroidal neovascularization is a common cause of neovascular degenerative maculopathy (i.e. 'wet' macular degeneration) [1] commonly exacerbated by extreme myopia, malignant myopic degeneration, or age-related developments.
Low myopia usually describes myopia between −0.50 and −3.00 diopters. [65] Moderate myopia usually describes myopia between −3.00 and −6.00 diopters. [65] Those with moderate amounts of myopia are more likely to have pigment dispersion syndrome or pigmentary glaucoma. [83] High myopia usually describes myopia of −6.00 or more.
Patients on amiodarone with new visual symptoms should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist. Tobacco exposure, most commonly through pipe and cigar smoking, can cause optic neuropathy. Middle-aged or elderly men are often affected and present with painless, slowly progressive, color distortion and visual loss in both eyes.
In myopia that is no longer progressing, the crescent may be asymptomatic except for its presence on ocular examination. However, in high-degree myopia, it may extend to the upper and lower borders, or form a complete ring around the optic disc and form a central scotoma. The myopic crescent is commonly seen in pathological axial myopia.
Additional symptoms are variable, and may include exercise intolerance, cataracts, hearing loss, sensory axonal neuropathy, ataxia, clinical depression, hypogonadism, and parkinsonism. [citation needed] Kearns–Sayre syndrome is characterized by onset before 15 years of age of CPEO, heart block and pigmentary retinopathy. [1]
Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD), is a medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field. [1] Early on there are often no symptoms. [1] Over time, however, some people experience a gradual worsening of vision that may affect one or both eyes. [1]
Degenerative myopia Diabetic retinopathy : is one of the manifestation microvascular complications of diabetes, which is characterized by blindness or reduced acuity. That is, diabetic retinopathy describes the retinal and vitreous hemorrhages or retinal capillary blockage caused by the increase of A1C, [ 68 ] which a measurement of blood ...