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2. High-key lighting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-key_lighting

   High-key lighting is a style of lighting for film, television, or photography that aims to reduce the lighting ratio present in the scene. This was originally done partly for technological reasons, since early film and television did not deal well with high contrast ratios , but now is used to suggest an upbeat mood.

3. Photographic lighting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_lighting

   Lighting determines exposure and can be used to create effects such as low-key and high-key lighting, both of which involve the contrast between darker and lighter elements in a scene. [2] Lighting is especially important for monochrome photography, where there is limited to no color information, and exclusively includes the interplay of ...

4. Lighting ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighting_ratio

   The lighting ratio is the ratio of the light levels on the brightest-lit to the least-lit parts of the subject; the brightest-lit areas are lit by both key (K) and fill (F). The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC) defines lighting ratio as (key+fill):fill, or (key+Σ fill):Σ fill, where Σ fill is the sum of all fill lights.

5. Three-point lighting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-point_lighting

   The addition of a fourth light, the background light, makes for a four-point lighting setup. The background light is placed behind the subject(s), on a high grid, or low to the ground. Unlike the other three lights, which illuminate foreground elements like actors and props, it illuminates background elements, such as walls or outdoor scenery.

6. Key light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_light

   A key light positioned low appears to distort the actor's features, since most natural or ambient light is normally overhead. A dramatic effect used in horror or comedy cinematography is a key light illuminating the face from below. A high key light will result in more prominent cheek bones and long nose shadows.

7. Fill light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fill_light

   A common artificial lighting strategy that creates an overall appearance similar to natural fill places the fill light on the lens axis so that it will appear to cast few if any shadows from the point of view of the camera, which allows the key light that overlaps it to create the illusion of 3D in a 2D photo with the same single-source ...