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According to European Bioplastics, a plastic material is defined as a bioplastic if it is either bio-based plastic, biodegradable plastic, or is a material with both properties. Bioplastics have the same properties as conventional plastics and offer additional advantages, such as a reduced carbon footprint or additional waste management options ...
Boxed products made from bioplastics and other biodegradable plastics. Few commercial applications exist for bioplastics. Cost and performance remain problematic. Typical is the example of Italy, where biodegradable plastic bags are compulsory for shoppers since 2011 with the introduction of a specific law. [16]
The waste management infrastructure currently recycles regular plastic waste, incinerates it, or places it in a landfill. Mixing biodegradable plastics into the regular waste infrastructure poses some dangers to the environment. [36] Thus, it is crucial to identify how to correctly decompose alternative plastic materials.
PHB-derived plastics are attractive because they are compostable and derived from renewables and are bio-degradable. ICI had developed the material to pilot plant stage in the 1980s, but interest faded when it became clear that the cost of material was too high, and its properties could not match those of polypropylene .
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Figure 1: Comparative Costs and Production Volumes For Processing of Plastics. The economics of plastics processing is determined by the type of process.Plastics can be processed with the following methods: machining, compression molding, transfer molding, injection molding, extrusion, rotational molding, blow molding, thermoforming, casting, forging, and foam molding.
Some plastics are now referred to as being 'degradable', 'oxy-degradable' or 'UV-degradable'. This means that they break down when exposed to light or air, but these plastics are still primarily (as much as 98 per cent) oil -based and are not currently certified as 'biodegradable' under the European Union directive on Packaging and Packaging ...
These plastics are biodegradable and are used in the production of bioplastics. [ 3 ] They can be either thermoplastic or elastomeric materials, [ citation needed ] with melting points ranging from 40 to 180 °C.