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  2. Sodium hydroxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide

    Sodium hydroxide is traditionally used in soap making (cold process soap, saponification). [40] It was made in the nineteenth century for a hard surface rather than liquid product because it was easier to store and transport.

  3. Lye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lye

    Both sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are used in making soap. Potassium hydroxide soaps are softer and more easily dissolved in water than sodium hydroxide soaps. Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are not interchangeable in either the proportions required or the properties produced in making soaps. [citation needed] "Hot process ...

  4. Saponification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification

    Typically aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions are used. [1] [2] It is an important type of alkaline hydrolysis. When the carboxylate is long chain, its salt is called a soap. The saponification of ethyl acetate gives sodium acetate and ethanol: C 2 H 5 O 2 CCH 3 + NaOH → C 2 H 5 OH + NaO 2 CCH 3

  5. Soap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap

    The type of alkali metal used determines the kind of soap product. Sodium soaps, prepared from sodium hydroxide, are firm, whereas potassium soaps, derived from potassium hydroxide, are softer or often liquid. Historically, potassium hydroxide was extracted from the ashes of bracken or other plants. Lithium soaps also tend to be hard.

  6. Saponification value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification_value

    Handmade soap makers who aim for bar soap use sodium hydroxide (NaOH), commonly known as lye, rather than KOH (caustic potash) which produces soft paste, gel or liquid soaps. In order to calculate the lye amount needed to make bar soap, KOH values of SV can be converted to NaOH values by dividing KOH values by the ratio of the molecular weights ...

  7. Hard soap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_soap

    Through the process of saponification, fats (like tallow, pig, and bone fats) or vegetable oils react with sodium hydroxide to form the sodium salts of fatty acids and glycerin. [1] The resulting mixture is known as soft soap [ broken anchor ] , which serves as a precursor for hard soap production.

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