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  2. Vitamin and mineral management for dialysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_and_mineral...

    Vitamin and mineral management for dialysis patients is a required treatment for people undergoing dialysis because during end-stage kidney disease and dialysis the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. [1] As a consequence, certain vitamin and mineral restrictions and supplementations are needed. [2]

  3. Vitamin C - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_C

    There is no evidence that vitamin C supplementation decreases the risk cardiovascular disease, [133] although there may be an association between higher circulating vitamin C levels or dietary vitamin C and a lower risk of stroke. [134] There is a positive effect of vitamin C on endothelial dysfunction when taken at doses greater than 500 mg ...

  4. Vitamin C megadosage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_C_megadosage

    Vitamin C administration may also acidify the urine and could promote the precipitation of kidney stones or drugs in the urine. [20] Although vitamin C can be well tolerated at doses well above what government organizations recommend, adverse effects can occur at doses above 3 grams per day.

  5. Anemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia

    Vitamin C aids in the body's ability to absorb iron, so taking oral iron supplements with orange juice is of benefit. [98] In the anemia of chronic kidney disease, recombinant erythropoietin or epoetin alfa is recommended to stimulate RBC production, and if iron deficiency and inflammation are also present, concurrent parenteral iron is also ...

  6. 10 Surprising Sources of Vitamin C - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/food-10-surprising-sources...

    The search for vitamin C always starts with citrus. But it shouldn't end there. There are loads of fruits and vegetables that can put you well on your way to your daily dose of antioxidant, immune ...

  7. Vitamin deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_deficiency

    Alcoholism can also cause vitamin deficiencies. Long-term deficiencies can be life-threatening. [20] Riboflavin (Vitamin B 2) deficiency: Deficiency causes painful red tongue with sore throat, chapped and cracked lips, and inflammation at the corners of the mouth (angular cheilitis). Eyes can be itchy, watery, bloodshot and sensitive to light.

  8. Hypoalbuminemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoalbuminemia

    In kidney disease, a CMP may be ordered as a follow-up test when proteinuria is detected by urine dipstick analysis, which may lead to a diagnosis of hypoalbuminemia. [3] Low levels of serum albumin are defined as less than 3.5 grams per deciliter, while clinically significant hypoalbuminemia is generally considered to be less than 2.5 grams ...

  9. Renal osteodystrophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_osteodystrophy

    Renal osteodystrophy is usually diagnosed after treatment for end-stage kidney disease begins; however the CKD-MBD starts early in the course of CKD. [1] [6] In advanced stages, blood tests will indicate decreased calcium and calcitriol (vitamin D) and increased phosphate, and parathyroid hormone levels. In earlier stages, serum calcium ...