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  2. Decoction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoction

    A traditional Chinese herbal decoction (湯劑/汤剂) Turkish coffee beginning to boil. Decoction compares to brewing coffee through percolation.. Decoction is a method of extraction by boiling herbal or plant material (which may include stems, roots, bark and rhizomes) to dissolve the chemicals of the material.

  3. Extract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extract

    Most natural essences are obtained by extracting the essential oil from the feedstock, such as blossoms, fruit, and roots, or from intact plants through multiple techniques and methods: Expression ( juicing , pressing ) involves physical extraction material from feedstock, used when the oil is plentiful and easily obtained from materials such ...

  4. Fragrance extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragrance_extraction

    Fragrance extraction refers to the separation process of aromatic compounds from raw materials, using methods such as distillation, solvent extraction, expression, sieving, or enfleurage. [1] The results of the extracts are either essential oils , absolutes , concretes , or butters , depending on the amount of waxes in the extracted product.

  5. Herbal medicine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicine

    Dry extracts are extracts of plant material that are evaporated into a dry mass. They can then be further refined to a capsule or tablet. [26] The exact composition of a herbal product is influenced by the method of extraction. A tea will be rich in polar components because water is a polar solvent.

  6. Medicinal plants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_plants

    Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection against insects , fungi , diseases , and herbivorous mammals .

  7. Pharmacognosy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacognosy

    phytotherapy: the study of medicinal use of plant extracts; phytochemistry: the study of chemicals derived from plants (including the identification of new drug candidates derived from plant sources); zoopharmacognosy: the process by which animals self-medicate, by selecting and using plants, soils, and insects to treat and prevent disease;

  8. Alkaloid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloid

    In the acidic extraction, the raw plant material is processed by a weak acidic solution (e.g., acetic acid in water, ethanol, or methanol). A base is then added to convert alkaloids to basic forms that are extracted with organic solvent (if the extraction was performed with alcohol, it is removed first, and the remainder is dissolved in water).

  9. Infusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infusion

    Infusion is the process of extracting chemical compounds or flavors from plant material in a solvent such as water, oil or alcohol, by allowing the material to remain suspended in the solvent over time (a process often called steeping). An infusion is also the name for the resultant liquid.

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