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As of 2005, kerosene and other fuel-based illumination methods consume an estimated 77 billion litres (20 billion US gallons) of fuel per year, equivalent to 8.0 million gigajoules (1.3 million barrels of oil equivalent) per day. [1] [2] This is comparable to annual U.S. jet-fuel consumption of 76 billion litres (20 billion US gallons) per year.
An oil lamp is a lamp used to produce light continuously for a period of time using an oil-based fuel source. The use of oil lamps began thousands of years ago and ...
At the time the UK established candlepower as a unit, the French standard of light was based on the illumination from a Carcel burner, which defined the illumination that emanates from a lamp burning pure colza oil (obtained from the seed of the plant Brassica campestris) at a defined rate. Ten standard candles equaled about one Carcel burner.
1780 Ami Argand invents the central draught fixed oil lamp. 1784 Argand adds glass chimney to central draught lamp. 1786 William Nicholson proposes use of concentric wicks. [3] 1792 William Murdoch begins experimenting with gas lighting and probably produced the first gas light in this year.
In 1846, Abraham Pineo Gesner invented coal oil, a substitute for whale oil for lighting, distilled from coal. Kerosene, made from petroleum, later became a popular lighting fuel. In 1853, most versions of the kerosene lamp were invented by Polish inventor and pharmacist Ignacy Łukasiewicz, in Lviv.
Sectional diagram of a moderator lamp. The moderator lamp is a type of 19th century oil lamp. It displaced the more complex Carcel lamp which used a clockwork pump. Its mechanism was simpler and required less maintenance or repair.
The primary marketing point of the Lewis lamp was that it used less than half the oil of the prior oil lamps they replaced. The lamp used a similar design to an Argand lamp, adding a parabolic reflector behind the lamp and a magnifying lens made from 4-inch-diameter (100 mm) green bottle glass in front of the lamp.
A halogen lamp operating in its fitting with the protecting glass removed A halogen lamp behind a round UV filter. A separate filter is included with some halogen light fixtures to remove UV light.
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