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Penetrating trauma can be caused by a foreign object or by fragments of a broken bone. Usually occurring in violent crime or armed combat, [3] penetrating injuries are commonly caused by gunshots and stabbings. [4] Penetrating trauma can be serious because it can damage internal organs and presents a risk of shock and infection.
While needlestick injuries have the potential to transmit bacteria, protozoa, viruses and prions, [6] the risk of contracting hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV is the highest. [7] The World Health Organization estimated that in 2000, 66,000 hepatitis B, 16,000 hepatitis C, and 1,000 HIV infections were caused by needlestick injuries.
A gunshot wound (GSW) is a penetrating injury caused by a projectile (e.g. a bullet) shot from a gun (typically a firearm). [11] [12] Damage may include bleeding, bone fractures, organ damage, wound infection, and loss of the ability to move part of the body. [2]
RPA is usually caused by a bacterial infection originating from the nasopharynx, tonsils, sinuses, adenoids, molar teeth or middle ear. Any upper respiratory infection (URI) can be a cause. RPA can also result from a direct infection due to penetrating injury or a foreign body. RPA can also be linked to young children who do not have adequate ...
Penetrating trauma, including iatrogenic causes such as joint replacements or internal fixation of fractures, leading to a fracture-related infection, [18] or secondary periapical periodontitis in teeth. [13] The area usually affected when the infection is contracted through the bloodstream is the metaphysis of the bone. [17]
For injuries that penetrate the peritoneal cavity (penetrating abdominal trauma), prophylactic (preventative) antibiotics are often administered with the goal of reducing the risk of sepsis and septic complications, including septicaemia, abscesses in the abdomen, and wound infections.
The infections are usually caused by eating raw or undercooked oysters and shellfish, but they may also occur when the bacteria enter the body through cuts or open wounds.
Pyomyositis can be classified as primary or secondary. Primary pyomyositis is a skeletal muscle infection arising from hematogenous infection, whereas secondary pyomyositis arises from localized penetrating trauma or contiguous spread to the muscle. [1]