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The Upanishad describes three types of Self : the Bahya-atma or external self (body), the Antar-atma or inner self (individual soul) and the Param-atma or highest self (the Brahman, Purusha). [ 2 ] [ 6 ] The text asserts that one must meditate, during Yoga , on the highest self as one's self that is partless, spotless, changeless, desireless ...
Katha Upanishad, in Book 1, hymns 3.3-3.4, describes the widely cited proto-Samkhya analogy of chariot for the relation of "Soul, Self" to body, mind and senses. [33] Stephen Kaplan [34] translates these hymns as, "Know the Self as the rider in a chariot, and the body as simply the chariot. Know the intellect as the charioteer, and the mind as ...
The body is equated to a chariot where the horses are the senses, the mind is the reins, and the driver or charioteer is the intellect. [2] The passenger of the chariot is the Self (Atman). Through this analogy, it is explained that the Atman is separate from the physical body, just as the passenger of a chariot is separate from the chariot.
Together with the causal body it is the transmigrating soul or jiva, separating from the gross body upon death. The subtle body is composed of the five subtle elements, the elements before they have undergone panchikarana, [citation needed] and contains: sravanadipanchakam – the five organs of perception: eyes, ears, skin, tongue and nose [2]
The Hindu tradition holds that a human being is essentially a spiritual soul that has taken birth in a body. When a soul has attained mukti, it is said to break free from the cycle of deaths and rebirths. As per Advaita Vedanta, a widespread Hindu philosophy, a soul can be emancipated either while living or after death. Videhamukti may signify ...
This self (soul) is the ultimate in the entire universe and it is constituted of the deities Brahma, Vishnu, Indra and Shiva. [5] Extra sensory perception is embedded in the chitta (mind) and hence one's focus should be on the mind. [5] While the thought process leads to reasoning so is the meaning of a sentence understood by listening. [5]
The kshetra or the field refers to the body which is material, mutable, transitory and perishable, the kshetrajna refers to the conscious knower of the body who is of the same essence as knowledge, immutable, eternal and imperishable, the knower of the body is the soul residing in the body.
Vishnu Smriti's verse 22.92, states that "human body is cleansed by water, the mind is cleansed by truth, the soul by self-study and meditation, while understanding is cleansed by knowledge". [32] Vasistha Dharmasastra verses 27.1 through 27.7 states that Svadhyaya helps an individual understand and overcome his past. [33]