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Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic medication used to treat certain bacterial infections. [7] It is administered intravenously (injection into a vein) to treat complicated skin infections, bloodstream infections, endocarditis, bone and joint infections, and meningitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [8]
The diagnosis of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) is performed by performing susceptibility testing on a single S. aureus isolate to vancomycin. This is accomplished by first assessing the isolate's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using standard laboratory methods, including disc diffusion, gradient strip diffusion, and automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing ...
A drug of last resort (DoLR), also known as a heroic dose, [1] is a pharmaceutical drug which is tried after all other drug options have failed to produce an adequate response in the patient. Drug resistance , such as antimicrobial resistance or antineoplastic resistance , may make the first-line drug ineffective, especially in case of ...
Glycopeptide antibiotics are a class of drugs of microbial origin that are composed of glycosylated cyclic or polycyclic nonribosomal peptides.Significant glycopeptide antibiotics include the anti-infective antibiotics vancomycin, teicoplanin, telavancin, ramoplanin, avoparcin and decaplanin, corbomycin, complestatin and the antitumor antibiotic bleomycin.
Treatment of MRSA infection with vancomycin can be complicated, due to its inconvenient route of administration. Moreover, the efficacy of vancomycin against MRSA is inferior to that of anti-staphylococcal beta-lactam antibiotics against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). [94] [95]
Moderate dose: headache, nausea, weakness, or anxiety Large dose: loss of consciousness Perfluoroisobutene Gas: colorless Odor: none 1-4 hours Flu-like, also eye, nose, and throat irritation, and chest discomfort, or no symptoms Phosgene Gas: colorless Odor: decaying fruit, fresh-cut grass, 1-4 hours; small doses, 24-48 hours
Opioid overdose. With the opioid epidemic claiming roughly 80,000 lives each year in the U.S., advocates encourage everyone to carry and learn how to use naloxone (also known as Narcan), which can ...
For this reason, vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, is commonly used to combat MRSA. Vancomycin inhibits the synthesis of peptidoglycan, but unlike β-lactam antibiotics, glycopeptide antibiotics target and bind to amino acids in the cell wall, preventing peptidoglycan cross-linkages from forming.
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