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For the next forty-one years, the result provided a major pro-European direction to politicians, particularly in the UK Parliament and later in the newly devolved establishments in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, until the 2016 EU membership referendum was held on Thursday 23 June 2016, when the UK voted by 51.9% to 48.1% to leave the ...
Britain first began talks to join the EEC in July 1961. [1] The UK's applications to join in 1963 and 1967 were vetoed by the President of France , Charles de Gaulle. While it was true that Britain's economy, like many others, was struggling to recover from the high cost of the Second World War , De Gaulle had personal as well as economic ...
The Referendum Act 1975 (c. 33) also known at the time as the Referendum Bill was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which made legal provision for the holding of a consultative referendum on whether the United Kingdom should remain a member of the European Communities (EC)—generally known at the time in the UK, with reference to their main component, the European Economic ...
The European Communities Act 1972 (c. 68), also known as the ECA 1972, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which made legal provision for the accession of the United Kingdom as a member state to the three European Communities (EC) – the European Economic Community (EEC, the 'Common Market'), European Atomic Energy Community ...
The ECSC and EEC would later be integrated into the European Union under the Maastricht and Lisbon treaties in the early 1990s and mid-2000s. The UK had been the first country to establish a Delegation to the ECSC in 1952, and the first country to sign an Association Agreement with the Community in 1954.
On 31 July 1961 the United Kingdom, [3] Ireland [4] and Denmark [5] applied to join the EC. In 1963, after negotiations, [ 6 ] France vetoed the United Kingdom's application because of the aversion of Charles de Gaulle to the UK, [ 4 ] which he considered a "trojan horse" for the United States. [ 1 ]
The United Kingdom, which had refused to join as a founding member, changed its policy following the Suez crisis and applied to be a member of the Communities. Other EEC members were also inclined to British membership on those grounds. French President Charles de Gaulle vetoed British membership. [20]
The Maastricht Treaty of 1992 included protocols on the UK [6] and Denmark giving them opt-outs with the right to decide if and when they would join the euro. The Labour government of Tony Blair argued that the UK should join the euro, contingent on approval in a referendum, if five economic tests were met. [ 7 ]